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Descriptive Statements:
- Demonstrate knowledge of concepts and principles related to health literacy (e.g., the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions), digital literacy, and data literacy.
- Apply knowledge of criteria and skills for researching, locating, accessing, and evaluating the validity of health-related data, information, products, and services.
- Analyze how attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors related to health are influenced by family, peers, society, technology, social media, and other factors.
- Analyze ways in which various types of media communicate misleading messages (e.g., about attractiveness, sexual activity, substance use) to students.
- Demonstrate knowledge of persuasive techniques used in health-related marketing and advertising and strategies for promoting students' ability to recognize, analyze, and resist unhealthy messages.
- Demonstrate knowledge of the effects of environmental factors and events on health and safety, as well as the short- and long-term effects of human behaviors on the environment.
- Apply knowledge of criteria and strategies for navigating health-care systems, including types of health-care providers, agencies, services, and insurance plans.
- Recognize the roles of community organizations and public health policies and agencies (e.g., county health department, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], World Health Organization [WHO]) in disease prevention.
- Recognize federal laws, guidelines, and agencies governing the health, safety, and consumer rights of individuals.
- Demonstrate knowledge of skills and requirements needed for careers in health-related fields and roles and responsibilities associated with a variety of health-related occupations.
Sample Item:
Biomedical engineering would be an appropriate exploratory career choice for a student who is interested in:
- studying the distribution, spread, and control of specific diseases in the human population.
- carrying out experiments and surveys to collect key data relevant to maintaining the public health, especially in at-risk communities.
- analyzing the effects of disease on the overall health and socioeconomic structure and development of a society.
- designing and testing new medical techniques and equipment that would enable more effective disease diagnoses and treatments.
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
D. A biomedical engineering educational career path would be an appropriate consideration for a student who is interested in designing and testing new techniques and equipment to assist medical personnel and scientists develop more effective disease diagnoses and treatments. Biomedical engineers work in research and medical facilities as well as in manufacturing and other professional settings. They design and create devices and software used in healthcare (e.g., artificial internal organs, computer simulations to test new drug therapies); conduct and present research to scientists, clinicians, and hospital management; and evaluate the safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of biomedical equipment.
Descriptive Statements:
- Apply knowledge of principles, techniques, and criteria for conducting and using needs assessments and professional tools to design, implement, and evaluate health education curricula.
- Demonstrate knowledge of the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model and framework for school health education, the connections between health and academic achievement, and the importance of evidence-based school policies and practices.
- Demonstrate knowledge of health barriers and their effects on development and learning, as well as ways in which students' developmental characteristics, learning preferences, and varying backgrounds and experiences influence the provision of health education instruction and assessment.
- Analyze theoretical foundations of health behavior change and learning; current evidence-based health research, initiatives, and policies; and legal and ethical considerations in health education programs.
- Demonstrate knowledge of how to plan school health education programs that are aligned with preK–12 health education standards and that include instructional technology, resources, accommodations, and modifications that support all students.
- Apply knowledge of best practices for implementing a range of instructional strategies and activities to facilitate students' acquisition of functional health knowledge and health-enhancing skills, behaviors, and attitudes.
- Apply knowledge of multiple methods, tools, and techniques for assessing and evaluating student knowledge and skills, monitoring student progress, providing meaningful feedback to students and families, and adjusting instructional approaches and activities.
- Identify principles and methods for communicating and collaborating with students, families, colleagues, stakeholders, and health agencies to enhance student knowledge and skills and advocate for program goals.
- Demonstrate knowledge of the role of the health education teacher as a facilitator and resource for health information and the importance of professional development and reflective practice in supporting students' success in learning.
Sample Item:
Which of the following introductory messages is likely to be most appropriate for a health education teacher to use in a discussion about violence prevention with elementary school students?
- "Sometimes it's hard to differentiate good-natured teasing from hurtful teasing or bullying, and this condition may lead to conflict."
- "Imagine that someday you will have a child. What kind of advice about avoiding conflict and violence would you give to your child?"
- "Conflicts happen, even between friends. It's important to stop little conflicts from turning into big fights, and there are some good rules for doing this."
- "People say that there is too much violence in the media. They say it makes us less sensitive to real-life violence and encourages us to do violent things."
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
C. This introductory message, which emphasizes the importance of stopping little conflicts from turning into larger conflicts or confrontations, is developmentally appropriate for elementary school students and relates the idea of conflict to students' lives. The message states that conflicts happen even between friends, reinforcing the idea that conflict is a normal part of life, but emphasizing that conflicts need to be managed proactively to prevent them from escalating into verbal or physical violence. The message also notes that there are some good rules for managing conflicts, which provides an appropriate transition into class activities designed to promote students' knowledge of basic conflict resolution and violence prevention techniques.
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