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Descriptive Statements:
- Demonstrate knowledge of the structure and functions of major body systems (e.g., anatomy, physiology) and
ways in which energy systems work during physical activity.
- Identify physiological changes and adaptations that result from participation in regular physical activity,
the role of physical activity in the prevention of illness and disease, and health risks associated with
inactivity.
- Identify common physical and psychological effects of stress; the role of physical activity in managing
stress; and the physical, social, and mental health benefits of stress-management activities.
- Demonstrate knowledge of health-related fitness concepts and components, their role in physical literacy,
and ways in which they can be used to analyze and design strategies that positively influence health and
well-being.
- Apply knowledge of fitness principles (e.g., frequency, intensity, time, and type [FITT]; progressive
overload; specificity; warm-up) in the context of movement activities.
- Demonstrate knowledge of skill-related components of physical fitness (e.g., balance, coordination, agility,
speed, power, reaction time) and types of physical activities that can be used to address each component.
- Identify principles, skills, techniques, activities, safety practices, resources, and various forms for
developing, monitoring, and assessing cardiorespiratory fitness.
- Identify principles, skills, techniques, activities, safety practices, and various forms for developing and
improving flexibility of the major joints and areas of the body.
- Identify principles, skills, techniques, activities, safety practices, and various forms for developing and
improving muscular strength and endurance of the major muscle groups of the body.
Sample Item:
Use the photograph below to answer the question that follows.
The elbows of their right arms are directly under their right shoulders. Their heads are directly in line with their spines.
The exercise shown is beneficial because it strengthens primarily which of the following muscles?
- obliques
- hamstrings
- abdominals
- gluteals
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
A. Oblique muscles are on the sides of the torso, or core. The exercise shown is a side plank, which works several major muscles, including the obliques.
Descriptive Statements:
- Identify principles, criteria, and methods for designing and implementing individualized fitness plans
(e.g., evaluating the need for lifestyle changes, identifying activities to address fitness and wellness
goals).
- Demonstrate knowledge of establishing personal fitness, physical activity, and nutritional goals and for
monitoring and evaluating progress toward these goals.
- Apply knowledge of how to promote students' ability to analyze time, cost, accessibility, and resources in
relation to participation in physical activity and energy expenditure.
- Apply knowledge of physical fitness assessments and techniques and examine assessment results to help
students determine health-related strengths, areas needing improvement, and personal goals.
- Identify principles, skills, techniques, activities, and safety practices for developing and maintaining a
healthy ratio of lean muscle mass.
- Demonstrate knowledge of sources of nutrients; nutritional principles and guidelines; and criteria and
techniques for evaluating nutritional information, choices, and products.
- Analyze the influence of peers, family, media, society, various backgrounds, and other factors on physical activity,
nutrition, and health-related fitness practices.
- Analyze the relationships between nutrition, physical activity, body composition, and overall health.
- Recognize strategies for integrating health and fitness principles and activities into daily life and the
benefits of a physically active lifestyle (e.g., enjoyment, challenge, social interaction, reduced
healthcare costs).
Sample Item:
Which of the following physical fitness assessments is used specifically to determine the intensity of a workout?
- talk test
- VO2V O 2 max test
- walk test
- stress test
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
A. The talk test is a simple and effective test to determine the intensity of a workout. The extent to which one can talk during physical activity gives a good indication of how intense the physical activity is. During a workout of moderate intensity, a person generally can talk but not sing. During a workout of vigorous intensity, a person generally will not be able to talk or will only be able to say a few words before taking breaths.
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